马克思主义的历史发展与21世纪马克思主义的时代课题

The Historical Development of Marxism and the Era Subject of Marxism in the 21st Century

从马克思主义历史发展面临的重大时代课题转换来看,19世纪中后期的马克思主义,是以社会主义必然取代资本主义为重大时代课题的;20世纪马克思主义以列宁主义和毛泽东思想为旗帜,把以社会主义必然取代资本主义的课题推进到社会主义社会如何取代资本主义社会的重大时代课题的高度。习近平对新时代“新的历史方位”的判断以及对社会主义和资本主义“并存”格局变化的阐释,对21世纪马克思主义的根本主题和理论特征、理论要旨和实践路向作出深刻阐释。习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想从中国式现代化道路、人类文明新形态和人类命运共同体的不同层面上,对21世纪马克思主义的发展路向和演进形态作出科学探索。

From the perspective of the transformation of major era subject faced by the historical development of Marxism,Marxism in the middle and late 19 th century took the inevitable replacement of capitalism by socialism as a major era subject.In the 20 th century,under the banner of Leninism and Mao Zedong thought,Marxism has advanced the subject of the inevitable replacement of capitalism with socialism to the height of the major era subject of how to replace capitalist society with socialist society.Xi Jinping’s judgment of the"new historical orientation"in the new era and his interpretation of the changes in the"coexistence"pattern of socialism and capitalism have made a profound interpretation of the fundamental theme,theoretical characteristics,theoretical gist and practical direction of Marxism in the 21 st century.Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era makes a scientific exploration on the development direction and evolution form of Marxism in the 21 st century from the different levels of the path of Chinese modernization,the new form of human civilization and a community of shared future for mankind.