英属西非殖民地热带疾病防治问题(1898—1939)

The Prevention and Treatment of Tropical Diseases in British West Africa(1898—1939)

作为英帝国维持统治的工具,热带医学兴起于1898年,以伦敦和利物浦热带医学院的建立为标志。热带医学的发展与英帝国在扩张时期对热带疾病的防治密切相关。20世纪初,为了防治英属西非殖民地的热带疾病,英国殖民大臣约瑟夫·张伯伦和医学专家们采取了一系列措施,包括开展灭蚊行动,进行公共卫生改革,实施住房隔离,取得了一定的成效,改善了英属西非热带疾病肆虐的状况。1939年,伴随着第二次世界大战的爆发,热带疾病的防治也暂告中止。

As a tool for the British Empire to maintain its rule,the tropical medicine emerged in 1898,which was marked by the establishment of the schools of Tropical Medicine in London and Liverpool.The development of tropical medicine is closely related to the prevention and treatment of tropical diseases during the expansion period of the British Empire.In the early 20 th century,British colonial secretary Joseph Chamberlain and medical experts took a series of measures to prevent and treat tropical diseases in the British West Africa,including anti-mosquito campaigns,public health reforms and housing segregation,which achieved certain effects and improved the condition of the disease epidemic in British West Africa.In 1939,with the outbreak of World WarⅡ,the prevention and treatment of tropical diseases was suspended.