2019—2021年淮安区职业健康检查结果分析

Analysis of results of occupational health examinations in Huai’an District from 2019 to 2021

目的评价职业病危害防治工作现状,为制定本区相关防治措施,明确职业健康工作重点和方向提供数据支撑及对策建议。方法通过江苏省职业病防治信息管理平台收集2019—2021年淮安区职业健康监护资料,包括企业基本信息、人员体检情况、职业禁忌证及疑似职业病等数据,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果2019—2021年淮安区共有20018名作业工人开展了职业健康检查,其中上岗前检查4253人、在岗期间检查15425人、离岗检查340人。接触物理因素体检9672人,占48.32%;接触化学物质4189人,占20.92%,接触粉尘6157人,占30.76%。共检出疑似职业病14人,其中12人接触物理因素(职业性噪声聋)、2人接触化学物质;检出职业禁忌证277人,其中接触粉尘11人,接触物理因素256人,接触化学物质10人;不同危害因素间疑似职业病、职业禁忌证检出率比较差异均有统计学意义(χ_(疑似职业病)^(2)=9.216,P<0.01、χ_(职业禁忌证)^(2)=218.845,P<0.01),检出率由高到低分别为物理因素、化学物质、粉尘。结论本区职业健康检查企业及人数逐年上升,但与本区摸底调查数仍有差距,应重点关注由噪声引起的职业目标疾病,做好防治工作。

Objective To investigate and evaluate the status quo of occupational disease hazard prevention and control,so as to provide the datum support and countermeasures for formulating relevant prevention measures in our district and clarifying the focus and direction of occupational health work.Methods The occupational health monitoring data in Huai'an District from 2019 to 2021 were collected through the Jiangsu Provincial Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Information Management Platform,including the basic information of enterprises,personnel physical examinations,occupational contraindications and suspected occupational diseases,and were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods.Results From 2019 to 2021,a total of 20018 workers in Huai'an District had undergone occupational health inspections,including 4253 pre-job inspections,15425 on-job inspections,and 340 off-job inspections.Totally 9672 people were exposed to physical factors,accounting for 48.32%;4189 people were exposed to chemical substances,accounting for 20.92%,and 6157 people were exposed to dust,accounting for 30.76%.A total of 14 suspected occupational diseases were detected,of which 12 were exposed to physical factors(occupational noise deafness)and 2 were exposed to chemical substances;277 people with occupational contraindications were detected,including 11 people who were exposed to dust,256 people who were exposed to physical factors,and 10 people who were exposed to chemical substances.There were significant differences in the detection rates of suspected occupational diseases and occupational contraindications among different hazard factors(χ_(suspected occupational diseases)^(2)=9.216,P<0.01,χ_(occupational contraindications)^(2)=218.845,P<0.01).The detection rates from high to low were physical factors,chemical substances,and dust.Conclusions Occupational health inspection enterprises and the number of people in our district are increasing year by year,but there is still a gap with the number of investigations in our district.We should focus on the occupational target diseases caused by noise and do a good job in prevention and control.