舒适护理模式对小儿支气管哮喘急性发作期雾化吸入治疗依从性及肺功能的影响

Effect of comfort nursing model on compliance and pulmonary function of atomization inhalation in children with acute attack of bronchial asthma

目的观察舒适护理模式对小儿支气管哮喘急性发作期雾化吸入治疗依从性及肺功能的影响。方法将在我院接受雾化吸入治疗的100例支气管哮喘急性发作患儿按照随机分组的方式分为观察组和对照组,每组各50例。对照组患者实施常规护理干预,观察组患者实施舒适护理干预。观察两组患儿的肺功能改善情况、临床治疗相关指标及治疗依从性。结果两组患儿治疗后肺功能均得到明显改善,观察组用力肺活量(FVC)(3.42±0.95 vs 2.97±0.82,t=2.536,P=0.013;)、第一秒用力呼气容积(FEV;)(2.83±0.77 vs 2.36±0.52,t=3.577,P=0.001)和最大呼气流量(PEF)(6.23±1.20 vs 5.61±1.06,t=2.738,P=0.007)改善程度明显高于对照组。两组患儿治疗后临床症状均得到明显缓解,其中观察组临床症状(喘息、咳嗽咯痰和肺部哮鸣音)缓解时间明显短于对照组(2.16±0.38 vs2.54±0.33,t=-5.339,P<0.001;3.21±0.65 vs 4.02±0.77,t=-5.684,P<0.001;3.25±0.83 vs 4.13±0.86,t=-5.206,P<0.001),住院时间(4.63±1.25 vs 7.21±1.87,t=-8.111,P<0.001)、住院费用(2160.54±321.13 vs 3455.18±346.59,t=-19.375,P<0.001)及复发率(6%vs 22%,χ^(2)=5.316,P=0.021)明显低于对照组。观察组患儿雾化吸入治疗依从性为86.00%,高于对照组52.00%(χ^(2)=13.511,P<0.001)。结论舒适护理模式能够明显提高支气管哮喘急性发作期患儿雾化吸入治疗的依从性,促进肺功能改善,提高临床治疗效果。

Objective To evaluate the effect of the comfort nursing model on compliance and pulmonary function of atomization inhalation in children with acute attack of bronchial asthma.Methods A total of 100 children with acute bronchial asthma in our hospital treated by atomization inhalation were randomly divided into a control group(50 cases)and an observation group(50 cases).The control group was given the routine nursing intervention,and the observation group was given the comfortable nursing intervention.The improvement of lung function,clinical treatment-related indicators and compliance of the treatment in two groups were observed and compared.Results The pulmonary function of the two groups was significantly improved after treatment.The forced vital capacity(FVC)of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group(3.42±0.95 vs.2.97±0.82,t=2.536,P=0.013).The improvement of forced expiratory volume in the first second(FEV1)was significant higher than that of the control group(2.83±0.77 vs.2.36±0.52,t=3.577,P=0.001),and peak expiratory flow(PEF)of the observation group was also significantly higher than that of the control group(6.23±1.20 vs.5.61±1.06,t=2.738,P=0.007).The clinical symptoms of the two groups were significantly relieved after treatment.The relief time of clinical symptoms(wheezing,cough and expectoration,and lung wheezing)of the observation group was significantly shorter than that of the control group(2.16±0.38 vs.2.54±0.33,t=-5.339,P<0.001;3.21±0.65vs.4.02±0.77,t=-5.684,P<0.001;3.25±0.83 vs.4.13±0.86,t=-5.206,P<0.001).The hospitalization time,hospitalization cost,and recurrence rate of the observation group of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group(4.63±1.25 vs.7.21±1.87,t=-8.111,P<0.001,2160.54±321.13 vs.3455.18±346.59,t=-19.375,P<0.001,and 6%vs.22%,χ^(2)=5.316,P=0.021).The compliance of atomization inhalation of the observation group was 86.00%,which was higher than 52.00%of the control group(χ^(2)=13.511,P<0.001).Conclusion The comfortable nursing mode can significantly improve the compliance of atomization inhalation treatment in children with acute attack of bronchial asthma,promote the pulmonary function,and improve the clinical treatment effect.