社区开展预防结核病健康教育的效果观察

Effect observation of health education on tuberculosis prevention in community

目的 分析社区开展预防结核病健康教育的效果,为结核病的预防提供参考方案。方法 选取2020年3月—2021年2月在天津市滨海新区中塘镇社区居住的86名居民进行研究,采取随机双盲法将其分为对照组和观察组各43名。对照组未接受预防结核病健康教育,观察组开展针对预防结核病的健康教育。比较两组的了解结核病相关知识知晓率、认知评分和健康行为评分。结果 观察组结核病常见症状知晓率、结核病具有传染性知晓率、预防结核病措施知晓率及结核病可治愈知晓率分别为95.35%、97.67%、90.70%及93.02%,均高于对照组的76.74%、86.05%、72.09%及74.42%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组结核病概念认知、结核病传播途径认知及结核病临床主要症状认知评分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组不随地吐痰、定期给室内通风、主动宣传防治结核病相关知识及主动进行体检评分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 社区有效开展结核病防治相关知识的健康教育宣教,能够提高社区居民正确了解预防结核病的相关知识,促使居民养成健康行为习惯,值得社区推广应用。

Objective To analyze the effect of community health education on tuberculosis prevention,so as to provide reference for tuberculosis prevention. Methods From March 2020 to February 2021,86residents living in the Tianjin Binhai New Area Zhongtang Town Community were selected for study,and they were divided into control group and observation group with 43 cases in each group,according to random double-blind method. The control group did not receive health education on tuberculosis prevention,while the observation group received health education for tuberculosis prevention. The awareness rate of tuberculosis knowledge,cognitive score and health behavior score were compared between the two groups.Results The awareness rate of common symptoms of tuberculosis,the awareness rate of tuberculosis infectiousness,the awareness rate of tuberculosis prevention measures and the awareness rate of toberculosis cure were 95.35%,97.67%,90.70% and 93.02%,respectively,which were higher than those of the control group in 76.74%,86.05%,72.09% and 74.42%,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).In the observation group,the scores of the cognition of tuberculosis concept,the cognition of tuberculosis transmission routes and the main clinical symptoms of tuberculosis were significantly higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P <0.05). The scores of did not spit everywhere,regularly ventilated indoors,took the initiative to publicize the knowledge about tuberculosis prevention and treatment and took the initiative to conduct physical examination scores in the observation group were all higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion The effective implementation of health education on tuberculosis prevention and control in community could improve community residents’ understanding of tuberculosis prevention knowledge and urge residents to develop healthy behavior habits,which was worthy of popularization and application in communities.