长江中上游积冰气候的探测技术

Detection Technology of Ice Climate in Middle and Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River

基于数据和模型分析,阐述长江中上游积冰气候分布及成因,飞机积冰的季节分布特征,严重积冰形成的天气背景。分析表明,在500hPa环流形势上显示长江流域受到了槽前西南气流影响,700hPa上强烈的西南气流由云贵高原向东北方向延伸至长江中游,850hPa则表现为冷空气沿偏东路径南下,该地区温度处于0℃以下,再配合充沛的水汽,有利于过冷却水滴的形成,从而为该地区积冰的形成创造有利条件。

Based on data and model analysis, this paper expounds the climatic distribution and causes of ice accumulation in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River, the seasonal distribution characteristics of aircraft ice accumulation, and the weather background of serious ice accumulation. The analysis shows that the circulation situation at 500hPa shows that the Yangtze River Basin is affected by the southwest air flow in front of the trough. The strong southwest air flow at 700hPa extends from the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau to the northeast to the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. At 850hPa, the cold air goes south along the easterly path. The temperature in this area is below 0℃, combined with abundant water vapor, which is conducive to the formation of supercooled water droplets, so as to create favorable conditions for the formation of accumulated ice in this area.