2020年福州市白纹伊蚊抗药性现状调查

Investigation on insecticide resistance of Aedes albopictus in Fuzhou City in 2020

目的动态监测市场上常用杀虫剂对福州市白纹伊蚊杀灭效果,了解蚊虫对常用杀虫剂抗药性的现状,为选择敏感杀虫剂进行有效杀灭蚊虫提供依据。方法2020年6—11月在福州市永泰县和晋安区按东南西北中5方位选择学校或居住区采集幼虫,分区饲养,用幼虫浸渍法和成蚊药膜接触法开展抗性检测。结果福州市晋安区和永泰县蚊幼对双硫磷和残杀威均表现为敏感,对吡丙醚均产生高抗性,对应的抗性倍数(resistance ratio,RR)分别为1.49、1.77、64.90倍和0.89、2.04和41.00倍。2个县区白纹伊蚊成蚊对6种常用菊酯类杀虫剂均产生抗药性,成蚊24 h死亡率为12.40%~64.44%;对3种有机磷类杀虫剂(毒死蜱、马拉硫磷和杀螟硫磷)表现为敏感或接近敏感,成蚊24 h死亡率为97.01%~100.00%;对2种氨基甲酸菊酯类杀虫剂(噁虫威和残杀威)敏感,24 h成蚊死亡率为98.56%~100.00%。结论福州地区白纹伊蚊对多种菊酯类杀虫剂抗性情况相当严峻,该类杀虫剂应暂停使用,更替其他作用机理的药剂,延缓抗性的发展,同时加强对蚊虫抗性水平的周期性监测,有效开展疫情防控。

Objective To dynamically monitor the insecticide efficacy of commonly used pesticides against Aedes albopictus in Fuzhou City,understand the resistance of mosquitoes to commonly used insecticides,and provide a basis for the selection of sensitive insecticides for effective mosquito killing.Methods From June to November 2020,the larvae were collected from schools and residential areas in Yongtai County and Jin’an District of Fuzhou City according to the five directions of east,south,west,north,middle.The larvae were reared in different areas,and the resistance tests were carried out by larval impregnation method and adult mosquito drug film contact method.Results The larvae in Jin’an District and Yongtai County of Fuzhou City were sensitive to dithiophos and propoxur,but highly resistant to pyriproxide,with resistance ratios(RR)of 1.50,1.77 and 64.90 in Jin’an District respectively,and RR of 0.89,2.04 and 41.00 in Yongtai County respectively.The adult Aedes albopictus in the two counties were resistant to six pyrethroids,and the 24-hour mortality rate of adult mosquitoes ranged from 12.40%to 64.44%.The adult mosquitoes were sensitive or near sensitive to three organophosphorus insecticides(chlorpyrifos,malathion and bothophos),and the 24-hour mortality rate of adult mosquitoes was 97.01%-100.00%.The adult mosquitoes were sensitive to two pyrethroid carbamate insecticide(bendiocarb and propoxur),and the 24-hour mortality rate of adult mosquitoes was 98.56%-100.00%.Conclusion The resistance of Aedes albopictus to a variety of pyrethroid insecticides is very serious in Fuzhou City,the use of these insecticides should be suspended,and other insecticides with other action mechanisms should be replaced to delay the development of resistance,at the same time,periodic monitoring of the resistance level of mosquitoes should be strengthened to effectively carry out epidemic prevention and control.