乌鲁木齐市高校大学生手机依赖现状及影响因素研究

Research on current situation of mobile phone dependence and influencing factors among college students in Urumqi

目的探讨乌鲁木齐市高校大学生手机依赖现状及影响因素,以及手机依赖对高校大学生睡眠质量的影响,为一步帮助高校大学生良好地利用学习和生活时间,为其健康成长和发展提供依据。方法2020年9—11月,采用分层整群抽样法在乌鲁木齐市5所高校共抽取2500名大学生,使用一般情况调查问卷、手机使用依赖自评问卷、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数问卷、抑郁自评量表、焦虑自评量表进行调查。结果研究得到有效问卷2323份,其中,女生1458人,占62.8%,男生865人,占37.2%;睡眠质量差的802人,占34.5%;对手机有依赖的1355人,占58.3%。男性睡眠质量差的检出率(37.8%)高于女性(32.6%),使用手机年限≥5年的手机依赖检出率(60.6%)高于使用手机年限<5年(55.6%),非医学类的手机依赖检出率(59.3%)高于医学类(54.0%),差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。使用手机年限≥5年有抑郁症状的检出率(66.7%)高于使用手机年限<5年(59.4%),数据流量≥20 G有抑郁症状的检出率(66.9%)高于<20 G(54.7%),差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,使用手机年限≥5年的大学发生手机依赖的危险是使用手机<5年的1.251倍(95%CI:1.059~1.478);数据流量≥20 G的大学发生手机依赖的危险高于数据流量<20 G的大学生。结论手机依赖对高校大学生睡眠质量、抑郁、焦虑有影响,手机使用年限和数据流量是手机依赖的影响因素,相关部门需采取措施帮助高校大学生良好地利用学习和生活的时间,减少手机依赖。

Objective To explore the current situation and influencing factors of mobile phone dependence among college students in Urumqi,as well as the influence of mobile phone dependence on sleep quality of college students,aiming to provide a basis for helping college students make good use of their study and life time and make them grow and develop healthily.Methods From September to November 2020,2500 students were selected from five universities in Urumqi by stratified cluster sampling,and a questionnaire survey was performed by the general situation questionnaire,mobile phone dependence self-assessment questionnaire,Pittsburgh sleep quality index questionnaire,self-rating depression scale and self-rating anxiety scale.Results A total of 2323 valid questionnaires were obtained,including 1458 female students(62.8%)and 865 male students(37.2%).802 people had poor sleep quality,accounting for 34.5%,and 1355 had mobile phone dependence,accounting for 58.3%.The detection rate of poor sleep quality in males(37.8%)was higher than that in females(32.6%),the detection rate of mobile phone dependence in students with≥5 years of mobile phone use was higher than that in students with<5 years of mobile phone use(55.6%),and the detection rate of mobile phone dependence in non-medical students(59.3%)was higher than that in medical(54.0%),the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The detection rate of depression symptoms in students with≥5 years of mobile phone use(66.7%)was higher than that in students with<5 years of mobile phone use(59.4%),and the detection rate of depression symptoms in students with data flow≥20 G(66.9%)was higher than that in students with data flow<20 G(54.7%),the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of mobile phone dependence was 1.25 times higher for students with≥5 years of mobile phone use than those with<5 years of mobile phone use(95%CI:1.059-1.478),and the risk of mobile phone dependence in students with data flow≥20 G was higher than that in students with data flow<20 G.Conclusion Mobile phone dependence has influence on sleep quality,depression and anxiety of college students,and the service life and data flow of mobile phones can be regarded as the influencing factors of mobile phone dependence which provides the basis for further helping college students to make good use of their study and life time and make them grow and develop healthily.