转移法制备顶电极在钙钛矿太阳能电池中的应用

Application of transferred top electrode in perovskite solar cells

钙钛矿太阳能电池因为其高效率、易制备和低成本等优点,近年来发展迅速。在钙钛矿器件的多层薄膜结构制备和调控中,研究者们关注最多的是钙钛矿吸光层和电荷传输层。而顶电极部分的问题,由于蒸镀Au电极作为实验室阶段标准研究方法的成功使用,而容易被人们忽略。然而,蒸镀贵金属电极的生产设备和原材料成本问题,在钙钛矿太阳能电池未来的大面积器件制备、大范围应用中将是难以避免的。为此,研究者开发了导电膜转移法、导电浆料涂布法等非蒸镀工艺,尝试解决这些问题。本综述针对这一现状,从工艺方法的角度出发,介绍包括金属、聚合物、碳等多种材料体系的顶电极的转移法应用进展,总结具有普遍性的原理、规律,讨论目前技术的缺陷、瓶颈问题和潜在的解决方案。

Recent years,perovskite solar cells have been developing rapidly because of the high efficiency,ease of preparation and low cost.To the preparation and optimization of multilayer structures for perovskite devices,researchers always pay most attention on the perovskite light absorber and charge-transporting layers.While in the case of the top electrode,evaporated Au electrodes can work well as a standard method at the current laboratory stage.Therefore,the top electrode issue is easily overlooked by researchers.However,the high cost of equipments and raw materials for evaporated precious metal electrodes will not be ignored in the large-area devices manufacturing and large-scale applications of perovskite solar cells.Several non-evaporation processes such as conductive film transferring or conductive paste coating have been developed to solve these problems.Herein,we addresses the current progress of transfer methods top electrodes from the perspective of process techniques.A variety of material systems including metals,polymers and carbon are compared to summarize some general principles.Also,the shortcomings of the transfer method,and bottlenecks of materials and potential solutions for ideal transfer electrodes are discussed.