两种羊肚菌真菌性病害的鉴定及其防治药剂筛选

Identification of Two Fungal Diseases of MorchellaStrains and Screening of Control Agents

以六妹羊肚菌(Morchella sextelata)污染菌种中分离的病原性真菌为试材,采用菌丝生长速率法,研究了10种常见杀菌剂对病原菌的抑制效果,并与生石灰进行复配,以期筛选出适合六妹羊肚菌菌种生产与人工栽培的复配杀菌剂。结果表明:羊肚菌菌种2种常见的真菌性病害分别为绿色木霉(Trichoderma viride)与卵孢单端孢(Trichothecium ovalisporum);在10种杀菌剂中,百菌清的抑菌效果最好,0.25g·L^(-1)百菌清对绿色木霉与卵孢单端孢的抑制率分别为85.71%和64.16%;0.25g·L^(-1)百菌清与1.2g·L^(-1)生石灰制成的复配制剂对2株病原菌的抑制率均高于单剂处理,分别为93.25%、72.73%,而对六妹羊肚菌无显著抑制作用,或可应用于相关病害防治。

The pathogenic fungi isolated from the contaminated strains of Morchella sextelata were used as test materials,and the inhibitory effect of 10common fungicides on pathogenic bacteria was studied by the method of mycelial growth rate,then compounded with quick lime,in order to screen out the compound fungicide suitable for the production and artificial cultivation of Morchella sextelata.The results showed that the two common fungal diseases of Morchella species were Trichoderma viride and Trichothecium ovalisporum;among the 10fungicides,chlorothalonil had the best bacteriostatic effect,and the inhibition rates of 0.25g·L^(-1) chlorothalonil on Trichoderma viride and Trichothecium ovalisporum were 85.71%and 64.16%respectively;the inhibitory rate of the compound preparation made of 0.25g·L^(-1) chlorothalonil and 1.2g·L^(-1) quick lime on the two miscellaneous fungi was higher than that of single agent treatment,which were 93.25%and 72.73%respectively,but had no significant inhibitory effect on Morchella sextelata,or could be used in the prevention and control of related diseases.