传统村落人居环境有机更新:理论认知与实践路径

The organic renewal of the human settlement environment in traditional villages:Theoretical cognition and practical path

新型城镇化背景下,中国传统村落人居环境面临着严重的人地关系危机,对其进行有机更新显得尤为重要。立足于有机更新的科学内涵及传统村落人居环境系统的演变特征,辨析了传统村落人居环境有机更新的理论认知,进而构建了传统村落人居环境有机更新的路径机制。研究结果表明:①将传统村落人居环境系统的问题困境归类为物质空间、文化空间与社会空间,提出以三生空间为空间载体、景观基因为文化核心、社会场域为基础脉络的传统村落人居环境有机更新理论认知。②以更新优化物质空间、文化空间与社会空间为着力点,构建了传统村落人居环境有机更新“物质-文化-社会”三维路径机制,包括物质空间更新:主导功能优化与三生空间重塑;文化空间更新:隐性基因修复与显性基因修补;社会空间更新:关系网络织补与社会秩序重构。以实现传统村落人居环境可持续发展为目标,通过建立“多维度优化-多目标统筹”的传统村落人居环境有机更新理论与路径,以期为中国传统村落人居环境有机更新提供科学参考与实践借鉴。

Under the background of new urbanization,the human settlement environment in Chinese traditional villages is facing a rigorous crisis of the human-land relationship,and the organic renewal of it is particularly important.Based on the scientific connotation of the organic renewal and the evolution characteristics of the human settlement environment in Chinese traditional villages,this paper analyzed the theoretical cognition of the organic renewal of the human settlement environment in traditional villages,and constructed the path mechanism of the organic renewal of the human settlement environment in traditional villages on this basis.The results show that:(1)By summarizing the problems faced by the human settlement environment in traditional villages,the dilemma is classified as material space,cultural space and social space,and the theoretical cognition of the organic renewal is proposed with living-production-ecological space as the spatial carrier,the landscape gene as the cultural core,and the social field as the basic context.(2)Focusing on the renewal and optimization of material space,cultural space and social space,the three-dimensional path mechanism of"material-culture-society"for the organic renewal of the human settlement environment in traditional villages is constructed,including the renewal of the material space:the optimization of dominant functions and the reshaping of living-production-ecological space;the renewal of the cultural space:the repair of recessive genes and the repair of dominant genes;the renewal of the social space:the darning of relationship networks and the reconstruction of social order.In order to realize the sustainable development of the human settlement environment in traditional villages,the theoretical cognition and practical path of the organic renewal are discussed in depth,and have been established as a"multi-dimensional optimization,and multiobjective overall planning"mechanism,to provide scientific and practical reference for the organic renewal of the human settlement environment in Chinese traditional villages.