糖尿病前期与牙周炎关系的研究进展

Research progress in the relationship between prediabetes mellitus and periodontitis

糖尿病前期(pre-diabetes mellitus,Pre-DM)是介于正常血糖稳态和2型糖尿病之间的中间高血糖状态,我国一半以上的成年人处于Pre-DM。牙周炎主要是由菌斑微生物引起的慢性炎症性疾病,与糖尿病等非传染性疾病的发生具有共同的危险因素,且互相影响。Pre-DM可能增加罹患牙周炎的风险,牙周炎也可能影响糖尿病的发生和发展。氧化应激、系统性炎症、肠道菌群是目前牙周炎与Pre-DM互相联系的主要机制。本文主要对Pre-DM与牙周炎的关系及潜在的相关机制进行综述,为两者的防治提供新的依据。

Prediabetes mellitus(Pre-DM)is an intermediate state of hyperglycemia between normal blood glucose homeostasis and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).More than half of adults in China suffer from Pre-DM.Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease mainly caused by microorganisms in dental plaque.It shares common risk factors and interacts with non-communicable diseases such as diabetes mellitus.Pre-DM may increase the risk of periodontitis,and the latter may also influence the development and progress of diabetes.Oxidative stress,systemic inflammation and intestinal flora are the main mechanisms by which Pre-DM and periodontitis interconnect with each other.This article mainly reviews the relationship between Pre-DM and periodontitis and potential related mechanisms,providing a new basis for the prevention and treatment of both.