口腔细菌代谢对全身疾病的影响

Effects of oral bacterial metabolites on systemic diseases

口腔是人体第二大微生物栖息地。因物理环境、代谢底物和关键酶等因素的影响,口腔细菌根据代谢特征划分为糖类化合物代谢型和氮源化合物代谢型,产物包括有机酸、二氧化碳、氨基酸、蛋白质和氨等,这些代谢产物不仅影响口腔细菌生长繁殖,同时对牙周炎、口腔癌、以及肠道疾病、糖尿病和动脉粥样硬化等全身疾病的发生发展产生重要影响,因此深入探讨口腔细菌代谢将有助于推进口腔微生物影响口腔乃至全身疾病的研究进展,本文对口腔细菌代谢特征及其与全身疾病的相关性等方面进行综述。

The oral cavity is the second largest microbial habitat in the whole body.Due to the divergence of oxygen,metabolic substrates and rate-limiting enzymes,oral bacteria are classified into sugar-metabolizing and nitrogen-compound-metabolizing bacteria according to their metabolic characteristics.The metabolites include organic acids,carbon dioxide,amino acids,proteins,and ammonia.Oral bacterial metabolites are very important for oral bacteria growth and reproduction,and also play an important role in systemic diseases such as periodontitis,oral cancer,intestinal diseases,diabetes and atherosclerosis.Therefore,in-depth exploration of oral bacterial metabolism is of great significance to understand the impact of oral cavity on systemic health.This article reviews the metabolic characteristics of oral bacteria and their correlation with systemic diseases.