公用事业政府直接管制定价的效率分析

Research on the Effectiveness of the Direct Regulation Pricing Methods of Public Utility

分析了公用事业的组织方式及其成因 ,综合研究了公用事业政府直接管制定价方法。主要是静态与动态的成本加成定价法 ;通过不完全合理论和博弈分析表明 ,在信息不完全和政府的信息劣势条件下 ,政府直接管制定价不能形成对公用事业经营企业的激励相容机制 ,使公用事业效率低下 ,并造成对公用事业企业的成本监控失效 ,是一种阻碍公用事业效率提高的机制性障碍。改革公用事业的政府管制方式 ,是提高公用事业效率、增加公用事业产业社会剩余的根本途径。

This paper analyzes the industrial organization of public utility and its cause and synthetically researches government direct regulating pricing methods of public utility, mostly the static or dynamic cost mark-up pricing methods. It is indicated by the means of game theory and imperfect contract theory, under the conditions of imperfect information and the government's inferior position, It's impossible to develop the incentive mechanism to utility enterprise, makes low productivity in public utility. The inefficiency of the cost monitor and control is inevitable when the direct regulation pricing system be used. The thought of direct pricing methods is a mechanical obstruction to improve the effectiveness of public utility. It's the radical approach for the government to reform the regulation modes in order to improve the effectiveness and social surplus of public utility.