丙烯酸/丙烯酰胺共聚合成聚丙烯酰胺的研究

Research on synthesis of polyacrylamide by copolymerization of acrylic acid and acrylamide

聚丙烯酰胺属于线性水溶性聚合物,是水溶性高分子中应用最广泛的品种之一,其中阴离子型聚丙烯酰胺应用于3次采油提高采收率的技术中。生产阴离子型聚丙烯酰胺的主要工艺是水解法,即通过碳酸钠或氢氧化钠使均聚非离子聚丙烯酰胺发生水解反应,酰胺基转变为羧基,从而生成阴离子型聚丙烯酰胺。此过程中发生水解反应会释放氨气,增加了后处理的难度;另外,由于需要充分的水解熟化时间,造成生产效率降低。相比于水解法,丙烯酸共聚法合成聚丙烯酰胺工艺具有全过程无氨气产生、环境影响小、1次反应完成、无需熟化过程、生产效率高的优点,因此研究开发丙烯酸共聚法合成聚丙烯酰胺配方具有重要意义。

Polyacrylamide is a linear water-soluble polymer,which is widely used in water-soluble polymers.Anionic polyacrylamide is used in the technology of enhanced oil recovery in tertiary oil recovery.The main process to produce anionic polyacrylamide is hydrolysis,i.e,hydrolysis reaction is conducted on non-ionic polyacrylamide by sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide,transferring amide group into carboxyl group,so as to generate anionic polyacrylamide.In this process,ammonia will be released due to hydrolysis reaction,which increases the difficulty of post-treatment.In addition,production efficiency is reduced due to the need for sufficient hydrolysis and curing time.Compared with hydrolysis,acrylic acid copolymerization method of polyacrylamide synthesis process has the advantages of the whole process without ammonia generation,small environmental impact,one reaction complete,no curing process,high production efficiency,so it is of great significance to study and develop acrylic acid copolymerization method of polyacrylamide synthesis formula.