家庭生态系统与初中生心理韧性的发展

Family Ecosystem and the Development of Junior High School Students’Psychological Resilience

为了考察初中生心理韧性的发展特点及家庭生态系统对其的影响机制,该研究使用心理韧性量表对1107名初中预备年级学生进行为期两年三次的追踪测查。结果发现:(1)三年间,初中生心理韧性呈先上升再下降的发展趋势。(2)家庭生态系统与初中生心理韧性关系密切,其中,良好的家庭气氛、丰富的家庭活动、父母的情感温暖、信任、沟通、亲子依恋、家人支持等保护因素可以减少过度保护、拒绝、疏离、亲子争吵等风险因素对青少年心理韧性发展的消极影响,促进初中生心理韧性的发展。

To examine the characteristics of psychological resilience among junior high school students and the influence of family ecosystem on its development,1107 junior high school students in Shanghai were recruited to participate in this research by means of the psychological resilience scale,whose psychological resilience development were measured three times in two years.The results have shown that the level of students’psychological resilience rose first and then fell within three years.More‐over,a close relationship between family ecosystem and their psychological resilience has also been found,in which protective factors such as a good family atmosphere,rich family activities,parents’affection,trust,communication,parent-child attach‐ment,and family support can help reduce the negative effects of risk factors like overprotection,rejection,alienation,and par‐ent-child conflicts on adolescents’psychological resilience development,thus further developing the students’psychological re‐silience.