垂直轴升阻型风力发电机启动特性的优化

Optimization of Starting Characteristics of Lift-Drag Type Vertical Axis Wind Turbine

针对传统垂直轴风力发电机(VAWT)启动风速较大导致使用条件受限的问题,将NACA0012翼型外型截去部分,使得H型扇叶可以在升力型和阻力型中进行切换。分析NACA0012翼型得到,当偏转角度为6°时其升阻比最大,根据S型扇叶125°启动力矩系数最低及偏转角度为6°时H型扇叶升阻比最大的两个条件进行设计。相较传统S型VAWT,混合型VAWT启动力矩系数峰值提高26.6%,最小值提高了27.4%;初始启动角于125°时,启动力矩系数提高了10.1%;在一个周期内,混合型VAWT平均启动力矩系数相较传统S型VAWT提高了7.7%。研究结果:表明该结构的VAWT的启动性能得到了优化,并对混合型VAWT提供了结构优化设计的依据。

Aiming at the issue of limited workplaces caused by the large starting wind speed of traditional vertical axis wind turbine(VAWT),the NACA0012 airfoil shape is cut off,so that the H-shaped fan blade can be switched between the lift type and the drag type.By analyzing the NACA0012 airfoil,it is found that the lift-drag ratio reaches the maximum when the deflection angle is 6°.The design is based on the two conditions of the lowest starting torque coefficient of the S-type blade at 125° and the maximum lift-to-drag ratio of the H-type blade at the deflection angle of 6°.Compared with the traditional S-type VAWT,the peak value of the starting torque coefficient of the hydrid VAWT increases by 26.6%,and the minimum value increases by 27.4%.When initial starting angle is 125°,the starting torque coefficient increases by 10.1%.In one cycle,the average starting torque coefficient of hybrid VAWT is 7.7 % higher than that of traditional Stype VAWT.The research results show that the start-up performance of the VAWT with this structure is optimized,which is useful for optimizing the design of hybrid VAWT structure.