东北三省资源型城市能源效率差异及原因

Difference of energy efficiency and its causes in resource-based cities in the three northeast provinces

东北三省资源型城市能源过度消耗及污染排放是制约其优化转型的关键.应用超效率SBM模型测算了东北三省19个资源型城市2008—2019年的能源效率,采用核密度估计方法分析能源效率变化趋势,最后选用地理探测器探究能源效率的影响因素.结果显示:①在2008—2019间,东北三省资源型城市能源效率值整体以2013年为转折点呈现“U型”的演变趋势;②空间上三省的资源型城市能源效率值差异明显;③按照资源型城市生长周期划分城市类型,发现能源效率值由高到低为成长型城市、成熟型城市、再生型城市、衰退型城市;④按照城市所属资源类型对城市分类,得出能源效率值由高到低为油气类城市、森工类城市、黑色类城市、煤炭类城市、综合类城市;⑤能源效率驱动素按影响程度从高到低依次为政府影响、产业结构、对外开放水平、工业所有制结构、科学技术投入,多因素交互作用共同影响东北三省资源型城市能源效率.

Excessive energy consumption and pollution emission of resource-based cities in northeast China are the key challenges to their optimization transformation.The super efficiency SBM model was used to calculate the energy efficiency of 19 resource-based cities in the three provinces of northeast China from 2008 to 2019.The change trend of energy efficiency was analyzed by using the kernel density estimation method.Finally,the geographic detector was selected to explore the influencing factors of energy efficiency.The results are as follows:In the 12 years from 2008 to 2019,the energy efficiency value of resource-based cities in the three northeast provinces showed a U-shaped evolution trend with 2013 as the turning point.In space,the energy efficiency values were different and had certain evolution characteristics.According to the growth cycle of resource-based cities,it is found that the energy efficiency values from high to low were growing cities,mature cities,regenerative cities and recessionary cities.Based on the classification of cities with their resource types,it is concluded that the energy efficiency values from high to low were oil and gas resource cities,forest industry cities,ferrous metal cities,coal resource cities and comprehensive resource cities.The influencing factors of energy efficiency were government influence,industrial structure,opening-up level,industrial ownership structure and science-technology investment from strong to weak.Multi-factor interaction jointly affected the energy efficiency of resource-based cities in the three northeast provinces.