长江中游地区用水效率评价及时空差异分析

Evaluation and spatio-temporal difference analysis of water use efficiency in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River

为科学评估长江中游地区的用水效率,从综合、工业、农业、生活和生态用水5个方面遴选出13个评价指标,构建基于MCW-灰色TOPSIS的用水效率评价模型,采用G1法、熵权法和变异系数法交叉融合的混合交叉赋权法求得指标权重,将TOPSIS法与灰色关联度分析相结合评价2015-2019年长江中游地区3省用水效率情况,并从5个方面分析长江中游地区3省用水效率的时空差异。结果表明:长江中游地区用水效率在时间序列上呈现较稳定上升的趋势,在空间序列上,湖南、湖北两省在评价期内的用水效率较高,江西省用水效率偏低,且3个省份在5个方面的相对贴近度表现差异很大,通过分析其原因揭示了长江中游地区存在的主要用水问题,可为区域用水效率研究及节水工作提供理论依据。

In order to scientifically evaluate the water use efficiency(WUE) in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, 13 evaluation indexes were selected from the five dimensions of comprehensive, industrial, agricultural, domestic and ecological water use to construct the WUE evaluation model based on MCW-grey TOPSIS. The weight of each index was calculated by the mixed cross-weighting(MCW) method of G1 method, entropy weight method and coefficient of variation method. TOPSIS method and grey relational degree analysis were combined to evaluate the WUE of the three provinces in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River from 2015 to 2019, and the spatio-temporal differences of WUE in the three regions were analyzed from the five dimensions mentioned above. Results show that the efficiency of regional WUE level in the middle reaches of Yangtze river presented a steady upward trend in time series;the WUE of Hunan Province and Hubei Province were higher during the evaluation period on space sequence, whereas that of Jiangxi province was lower;furthermore, the relative closeness of the three regions differentiated greatly in all the five dimensions. According to the analysis, the main problems of water use in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River are revealed, which can provide a theoretical basis for the research of regional water use efficiency and application of water saving measures.