固定化菌-藻/铝污泥的脱氮除磷效果及机理研究

Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal Efficiency and Mechanism of Immobilized Bacteria Algae/aluminum Sludge

针对粉末状吸附剂易于流失、难以固液分离的现状,模拟研究了铝污泥、固定化菌、固定化藻/铝污泥、固定化菌-藻/铝污泥对污水的脱氮除磷效果。结果表明,藻粉与铝污泥的复合使吸附剂比表面积增加,可为氮磷提供更多的吸附点位;藻/铝污泥(体积比1∶10)、藻/铝污泥(1∶5)和藻/铝污泥(1∶2)吸附剂对磷最大的吸附量分别为8.45、10.06和6.68 mg·g^(-1),是普通铝污泥的2.41、2.87和1.91倍。固定化菌-藻/铝污泥(1∶5)对污水的处理效果优于铝污泥、固定化菌和固定化藻/铝污泥(1∶5),对COD_(Cr)、TP、NH_(3)^(-)N和TN的去除率分别为80.35%、91.88%、90.92%和92.51%。固定化菌-藻/铝污泥(1∶5)吸附剂对磷的去除主要取决于铝污泥与磷酸盐之间的离子交换作用与静电作用,固定化胶球的传质性可为细菌同步硝化反硝化提供优良条件。

In aluminum sludge treatment,solid powder adsorbent is easily to be lost and difficult to be separated from the liquid wastewater.In this study,nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency from wastewater were investigated with simulated aluminum sludge,immobilized bacteria,immobilized algae/aluminum sludge,and immobilized bacteria algae/aluminum sludge.The results show that the combination of algae powder and aluminum sludge increased the specific surface area of the adsorbent and provided more adsorption sites for nitrogen and phosphorus.The maximum adsorption capacities for phosphorus by the algae/aluminum sludge in the ratios of 1∶10,1∶5,and 1∶2 were 8.45,10.06,and 6.68 mg·g^(-1),respectively;these values were 2.41,2.87,and 1.91 times higher,respectively,than those of aluminum sludge alone.The purifying effect of the immobilized bacteria algae/aluminum sludge(1∶5)on wastewater was better than that of aluminum sludge,immobilized bacteria,and immobilized algae/aluminum sludge(1∶5).The removal rates of chemical oxygen demand,total phosphorus,ammonia nitrogen,and total nitrogen by immobilized bacteria algae/aluminum sludge were 80.35%,91.88%,90.92%,and 92.51%,respectively.The removal of phosphorus by immobilized bacteria algae/aluminum sludge(1∶5)adsorbent mainly depends on the ion exchange and electrostatic interaction between the aluminum sludge and phosphate.The mass transfer of the immobilized rubber ball adsorbent provides excellent conditions for simultaneous nitrification and denitrification.