库切“耶稣三部曲”对贝克特诗学思想的继承与反思

The Heritage from and the Reexamination of Samuel Beckett’s Poetics in J.M.Coetzee’s Jesus Trilogy

库切的“耶稣三部曲”系列小说在继承贝克特诗学思想之余,又有所反思。三部曲在语言观、叙事策略和人物形象塑造等方面流露出贝克特式的后结构主义与后现代主义特征,从中不难窥见贝克特对库切小说创作产生的深远影响。然而,库切并非对这位爱尔兰文学前辈亦步亦趋,他对贝克特在晚期创作中落入纯形式游戏的窠臼做出了反思,三部曲作为呼应,在一定程度上对传统现实主义创作手法有所回归;与此同时,与贝克特越来越向主体封闭的精神世界退缩的姿态相比,库切在三部曲中将视线拓展开来,拥抱以身体为代表性特征的客观世界,表现出注重社会现实的伦理担当与人文关怀。

J.M.Coetzee’s Jesus Trilogy not only inherits from but also reexamines Samuel Beckett’s poetics.In terms of the view on language,narrative techniques and characterization,Jesus Trilogy demonstrates the features of Poststructuralism and Postmodernism with Beckettian characteristics.It is not difficult to find the profound influence of Beckett over Coetzee’s prose writing.However,rather than blindly imitating the Irish predecessor,Coetzee reexamined the fact that Beckett,in his late stage of creative writing,had actually fallen into the trap of pure style game.As a response to this,Jesus Trilogy,to some extent,returns to the tradition of realistic writing techniques.At the same time,Coetzee,in his Jesus Trilogy,different from Beckett who tended to retreat into the prison of subjective world,expanded his horizon by embracing the objective world with body as its central representative,reflecting his ethical responsibility and humanistic concern of social realities.