增材制造技术的研究应用进展:由3D到4D

The Research and Application Development of Additive Manufacturing Technology:From 3D to 4D

增材制造技术是一种逐点、逐线、逐面增加材料而形成三维复杂结构零件的近净成形工艺,3D打印技术日渐成熟,其所制备出的产品组织结构致密、性能稳定。近年来,学者们将增材制造技术应用于智能材料的打印,实现该技术由空间维度到时间维度的扩展。本文重点介绍了3D打印与4D打印的研究现状与发展前景,以期为从事该领域的工作人员提供借鉴。

Additive manufacturing technology is a kind of net forming technology that produces complex 3D parts by adding materials from point to point,line to line and surface to surface.3D printing is a kind of mature technology that can manufacture all kinds of products with dense microstructure and stable performance.Recent years,researchers adapt additive manufacturing technology to smart materials,which enables the expansion of the technology from spatial dimension to time-space dimension.In this paper,the research status and development prospect of 3D printing and 4D printing is introduced in detail in order to provide reference for staffs engaged in this field.