巨噬细胞极化在骨关节炎中的作用

Role of macrophage polarization in osteoarthritis

骨关节炎(osteoarthritis,OA)是一种以软骨退变、滑膜炎症和软骨下骨重塑等为特征的慢性退行性关节疾病。巨噬细胞广泛存在于关节滑膜组织中,并与滑膜炎症反应密切相关。巨噬细胞在多种细胞因子或微生物代谢产物等物质的刺激后,可向促炎M1型或抗炎M2型极化,从而调控软骨细胞外基质的微环境,对OA的发生发展产生一定影响。因此,靶向诱导巨噬细胞极化可能是缓解OA的有效手段,但是巨噬细胞极化过程在OA中的具体调控作用尚不完全清楚。该文通过综述巨噬细胞极化与OA的相关文献,总结外泌体、NF-κB、MAPK、STATs、caspases等关键分子在OA巨噬细胞极化过程中的具体调控作用,从而确定滑膜液微环境中巨噬细胞极化对OA中软骨损伤修复的作用,为进一步探究巨噬细胞极化对OA靶向治疗的作用机制提供理论依据。

Osteoarthritis(OA)is a chronic degenerative joint disease characterized by cartilage degeneration,synovial inflammation,and subchondral bone remodeling.Macrophages are widely found in articular synovial tissue and are strongly associated with the synovitis response.It has been found that macrophages can be polarized to pro-inflammatory M1 or anti-inflammatory M2 when stimulated by various cytokines or microbial metabolites so as to regulate the microenvironment of the cartilage extracellular matrix and have an impact on the development of OA.Therefore,there may be an effective means of alleviating OA by targeting the induction of macrophage polarization.However,it is not completely clear that the concrete regulatory effect of the macrophage polarization process in OA.In this paper,we summarize the specific regulatory effect of exosome,NF-κB,MAPK,STATs,caspases and other key molecules in the process of macrophage polarization in OA by reviewing the relevant literature of macrophage polarization and OA,so as to determine the role of macrophage polarization in the synovial fluid microenvironment on the repair of cartilage damage in OA,and provide a theoretical basis for further exploring the mechanism of action of macrophage polarization on the targeted therapy of OA.