鸡粪中4种抗生素在青菜中的累积动态及生物炭的阻控作用

Accumulation dynamics of four antibiotics in vegetable from chicken manure and the control effect of biochar

为探究鸡粪中的抗生素在蔬菜中的累积规律,通过盆栽试验研究了鸡粪中四环素(TC)、土霉素(OTC)、磺胺甲噁唑(SMZ)、磺胺二甲嘧啶(SM2)4种抗生素在青菜中的累积动态,探讨了小麦秸秆炭、稻壳炭对鸡粪中抗生素在青菜中累积的阻控效果。结果表明:鸡粪中4种抗生素均可被青菜吸收,在青菜移栽后的第10天青菜中抗生素的累积浓度达到最高,随后浓度逐渐下降;在鸡粪中添加相同浓度(200mg·kg^(-1))抗生素时,移栽10d的青菜中SM2的累积浓度最高(957.35μg·kg^(-1)),OTC、TC次之(分别为300.17和216.75μg·kg^(-1)),SMZ累积浓度最低(36.62μg·kg^(-1));青菜中抗生素的累积浓度随着鸡粪中抗生素添加浓度的升高而升高。小麦秸秆炭和稻壳炭可显著降低鸡粪中4种抗生素在青菜中的累积,但两种生物炭的阻控效果差异不显著,土壤中抗生素有效态浓度的显著降低是生物炭减少青菜中抗生素累积的主要原因。

In order to explore the accumulative law of antibiotics in vegetables from chicken manure, pot experiments were conducted to study the accumulation dynamics of tetracycline(TC), oxytetracycline(OTC), sulfamethoxazole(SMZ) and sulfamethazine(SM2) in vegetables from chicken manure, and the inhibitory effects of wheat straw charcoal and rice husk charcoal on the accumulation of antibiotics in vegetables from chicken manure were discussed. The results showed that four antibiotics in chicken manure could be absorbed by Chinese cabbage, and the cumulative concentrations of antibiotics in Chinese cabbage reached the highest on the 10th day after transplanting,and then the concentrations gradually decreased. When the same concentration(200 mg·kg^(-1)) of antibiotics was added to chicken manure, the cumulative concentration of SM2 was the highest(957.35 μg·kg^(-1)) in vegetables after 10 days of transplantation, followed by OTC and TC(300.17 and 216.75 μg·kg^(-1), respectively), and the cumulative concentration of SMZ in vegetables was the lowest(36.62 μg·kg^(-1)). The cumulative concentrations of antibiotics in vegetables increased with the increase of antibiotics concentrations in chicken manure. Wheat straw charcoal and rice husk charcoal could significantly reduce the accumulation of four antibiotics in vegetables from chicken manure, but there was no significant difference between the two kinds of biochar. The significant decrease in the effective concentration of antibiotics in soil was the main reason for biochar to reduce the accumulation of antibiotics in vegetables.