植物抗青枯病的分子机制研究进展

Research advances on molecular mechanisms of resistance to bacterial wilt in plants

细菌性青枯病是由青枯雷尔氏菌(青枯菌)引起的一种世界范围的毁灭性病害,该病原有着广泛的寄主范围及地理分布,给作物生产带来巨大经济损失。抗病育种是防治该病害的有效途径。植物在长期与青枯菌相互作用的过程中,其自身已进化出一系列精密的机制抵制青枯菌入侵。本文主要总结阐述植物抗青枯病的分子机制研究进展,包括图位克隆获得的抗青枯病基因、响应青枯病侵染的相关基因。对拟南芥中RRS1/RPS4抗青枯病的作用机制进行详细综述;其他作物中,主要是园艺作物中与青枯病相关的基因报道较多,主要包括WRKY转录因子,其次是NAC转录因子以及其他类基因。涉及主要通路是水杨酸和茉莉酸途径,以及新近发现的γ-氨基丁酸和丙酮酸代谢途径。本综述将为进一步深入开展植物对青枯病的抗性机制研究及利用抗性资源进行抗病品种选育奠定基础。

Bacterial wilt(BW) is caused by Ralstonia solanacearum(R. solanacearum), resulting in tremendous damage to crop production. The disease is distributed worldwide, affecting hundreds of species.Plant breeding is an effective way to control this disease. Plants have evolved a series of sophisticated mechanisms of resistance for BW during their long-term interaction with R. solanacearum. Here, we mainly summarize research advances on molecular mechanisms of resistance to BW, including cloned genes for resistance to BW, related genes in response to R. solanacearum, and evolution analysis for RRS1. The mechanism of RRS1/RPS4 against BW in Arabidopsis thaliana was reviewed. Genes related to BW were mainly reported in horticultural crops, including WRKYs, NACs and other genes, involving in SA and JA,GABA and pyruvate pathways. This review will provide useful basis for further analysis of the molecular mechanism research on resistance to R. solanacearum in plants, and plant breeding for BW-resistant cultivar by using resistant resources.