计量学学科发展谱系研究

The Development of Metrology Discipline Pedigree

【目的/意义】通过计量学科的构成要素,判断计量科学的结构、演变及其关系。【方法/过程】量化已成为当今社会发展的基本特征,围绕计量活动也产生了一系列计量学学科,形成了计量学学科谱系。通过文献调查、比较分析和逻辑思考,将计量学科分成自然(物质)计量学科群和社会(信息)计量学科群。【结果/结论】计量学学科谱系围绕对自然现象(物质)和社会现象(信息)的量化特征进行计量,形成了两大计量学学科群,各自包含一系列分支学科。计量学学科分支的结构维度都由计量单元、计量标准和方法三个核心要素以及计量领域、计量对象和计量特征三个基本要素构成,随着核心要素和基本要素的变化产生了不同的计量学分支学科。【创新/局限】计量学科之间的关系很复杂,还有一系列需要开拓的新的研究分支领域。需要进一步深入挖掘分析学科构成要素及其关系。

【Purpose/significance】Judge the structure, evolution and relationship of Metrology Science through the constituent elements of Metrology discipline.【Method/process】Quantification has become the basic feature of today’s social development. A series of Metrology disciplines have emerged around metrology activities,forming a metrology discipline pedigree. Through literature investigation,comparative analysis and logical thinking,the metrology discipline is divided into natural(material) metrology discipline group and social(information) metrology discipline group.【Result/conclusion】the metrology discipline pedigree focuses on the quantitative characteristics of natural phenomena(material) and social phenomena(information),forming two metrology discipline groups,each containing a series of branch disciplines. The structural dimensions of Metrology branches are composed of three core elements: measurement unit,measurement standard and method,and three basic elements: measurement field,measurement object and measurement characteristics. With the change of core elements and basic elements,different metrology branches have emerged.【Innovation/limitation】the relationship between metrology disciplines is very complex,and there are a series of new research branches that need to be explored. It is necessary to further excavate and analyze the constituent elements of disciplines and their relationships.