人工智能、侵蚀性竞争和行业质量阶梯

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, OVER-COMPETITION AND QUALITY LADDER

本文采用国际机器人联合会提供的工业机器人跨国跨行业安装数据,考察了人工智能对行业质量阶梯的影响与作用机制,并在此基础上探究了侵蚀性竞争的调节作用及其引致的质量集聚效应。研究结果发现,人工智能显著缩短了行业质量阶梯,提升了产品质量,且这一作用在一系列检验后依然稳健;基于内生中介效应模型的结果表明,人工智能对质量阶梯的影响是通过增加中间品使用、提高生产率和改变资本密集度实现的。侵蚀性竞争的存在,不仅负向调节了人工智能对行业质量阶梯的作用,还引发了质量维度上的地理转移现象,导致高质量产品的产销活动转变为以高质量国家为中心进行的区域性活动。探究人工智能对行业质量阶梯的影响,既有助于厘清人工智能的经济效应,也有助于提升产品国际竞争力,助推贸易高质量发展。

Using the world’s industrial robot installation data provided by IFR, this paper examines the impact and mechanism of Artificial Intelligence(AI) on the industry quality ladder, and explores the effect of over-competition and its quality agglomeration effect. The results show that AI significantly shortens the industry quality ladder and improves product quality, and this effect is still robust after considering a series of tests. The results based on the test of causal mediation analysis in IV models show that the impact of AI on the quality ladder is realized by increasing the use of intermediate goods, improving productivity and changing capital intensity. The existence of over-competition not only negatively affects the role of artificial intelligence on the industry quality ladder, but also leads to the phenomenon of geographical transfer in the dimension of quality, resulting in the production and marketing of high-quality products becoming a regional activity centered on high-quality countries. This paper is not only helpful to clarifying the economic effect of Artificial Intelligence, but also helpful to enhancing the international competitiveness of products, so as to boost the high-quality development of trade.