父母居住安排对子女心理健康的影响研究——基于CHARLS数据的经验证据

The Impact of Parental Living Arrangement on Child′s Mental Health——Empirical Evidence Based on CHARLS Data

为积极应对人口老龄化问题,我国鼓励成年子女与老年父母就近居住或共同生活,但亲子就近或共同居住对子女心理健康的影响目前尚未得到重视。采用2015年中国健康与养老追踪调查数据,引入代际互动、隔代照料、父母经济支持三个社会支持的中介变量,考察了父母居住安排与子女心理健康的关系。研究发现,父母与子女住得近能显著改善子女抑郁程度,社会支持因素调节了父母居住安排与子女心理健康。异质性分析结果显示,西部地区、农业户口、未婚以及身体状况较差的子女能够获得与父母就近或共同居住更高的心理健康改善。据此,鼓励亲子就近或共同居住的同时,也应合理认识家庭结构及居住安排的多样性和复杂性,以通过居住安排推进我国代际关系和谐和家庭心理健康问题的解决。

Encouraging and supporting adult children to co-reside with their elderly parents is one of the measures dealing with the population aging problem in China, but the influence of parent-child co-residence on child′s mental health has not been paid enough attention.Using the 2015 Chinese Health and Retirement Data, introducing social support as the mediator, which contains three variables as intergenerational interaction, caring for grandchildren and parents′financial support.Exploring the relationship between parental living arrangement and child′s mental health.The results are that, living closer to parents can reduce child′s psychological depression.Social support is the most important bridge between parental living arrangement and children′s mental health.Heterogeneity analysis found that children from western regions, agricultural household registration, unmarried and poor physical condition could obtain higher mental health improvement by living with their parents. Therefore,while encouraging parents and children to live nearby or together,we should also reasonably understand the diversity and complexity of family structure and living arrangements,so as to promote the settlement of the problems of intergenerational harmony and family mental health through living arrangements.