异基因造血干细胞移植后巨细胞病毒视网膜炎的研究现状

Research status of cytomegalovirus retinitis following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

巨细胞病毒(CMV)感染是异基因造血干细胞移植(allo-HSCT)后常见并发症,可引起多器官疾病,其中CMV视网膜炎(CMVR)是比较常见的CMV病。CMVR患者早期通常无症状,容易被漏诊,因眼部症状就诊时,多数已进展至疾病晚期,此时患者通常出现严重的视力下降、视野缺损,甚至失明,现有治疗手段对其疗效不佳。笔者拟就allo-HSCT后CMVR的发病机制、危险因素、临床特征、诊断、治疗等最新研究现状进行阐述,以期提高临床医师对CMVR的认识,使患者得到尽早诊治,提高疗效,改善患者的生活质量。

Cytomegalovirus(CMV)infection is a common complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT)and cause CMV diseases of multiple organs,among which CMV retinitis(CMVR)is more common.CMVR is often asymptomatic in the early stage and easy to be missed.Once the patients seek medical treatment for ocular symptoms,most of them are in the advanced stage of the disease.At this point,patients often suffer from severe visual impairment,visual field defect,or even blindness,and the existing treatment methods are not effective for them.This article summarizes the latest research status on pathogenesis,risk factors,clinical features,diagnosis and treatment of CMVR following allo-HSCT,in order to improve clinicians′understanding of CMVR,diagnose and treat patients as soon as possible,improve curative effect,and improve the patients′quality of life.