梨状肌综合征的影像诊断进展

Progress in imaging diagnosis of piriformis syndrome

梨状肌综合征(piriformis syndrome,PMS)是臀部梨状肌及周围结构病变的统称。其原因既包括先天性变异,又包括后天的各种损伤,是引起干性坐骨神经痛的常见病因。超声表现为患侧梨状肌增厚,内回声不均匀,可有效显示梨状肌及坐骨神经厚度。常规磁共振能够显示患侧梨状肌信号改变,表现为T1WI低信号、T2WI高信号,功能磁共振成像既能直接显示梨状肌和坐骨神经之间的关系,又能显示坐骨神经信号异常。高分辨率CT经过多平面重建技术,可以作为MRI的补充。

Piriformis syndrome(PMS)is a general term for the lesions of piriformis muscle and surrounding structures in the hip. Its causes include both congenital variation and acquired injuries. It is a common cause of trunk sciatica.Ultrasound shows that the piriformis muscle on the affected side is thickened and the internal echo is uneven,which can effectively show the thickness of piriformis muscle and sciatic nerve. Conventional MRI can show the signal changes of piriformis muscle on the affected side,which shows low signal on T1WI and high signal on T2WI. FMRI can not only directly show the relationship between piriformis muscle and sciatic nerve,but also show the abnormal signal of sciatic nerve. After multiplanar reconstruction,high-resolution CT can be used as a supplement to MRI.