人工智能法律主体论:现在与未来

On Legal Subject Theory of Artificial Intelligence:Present and Future

人工智能法律主体问题是所有道德、法律问题的实质与关键。目前国内外学界关于人工智能法律主体论之是与非的争论,看似是两种截然不同观点与立场之争,实则是关于人的本体论之争。讨论人工智能法律主体资格问题,必须跳出人类中心主义的圈子。人类必须认真对待未来世界人工智能的法律主体拟制问题,摆脱纯粹功利主义与工具主义对待人工智能体的方式与思维,以“非唯人类中心”的哲学价值观认真对待那些非“人”的实体,通过法律拟制而赋予一定范围的法律主体资格,最终做到人类与人工智能和谐共舞。因此,无论是弱人工智能或强人工智能,都具有某种程度或方面的法律主体资格,只有明确其法律主体资格,才能寻求其相关权利、义务和责任等问题的解决方案,从而为现在乃至未来人工智能体的发展提供解决之道。

The legal subject of artificial intelligence is the essence and key of all moral and legal issues. At present, the debate about the legal subject theory of artificial intelligence seems to be a dispute between two completely different viewpoints and positions, but it is a dispute about human ontology actually. To discuss the legal subject qualification of artificial intelligence, we must break out of the circle of anthropocentrism. Humans must take seriously the future world of artificial intelligence artificial legal body, get rid of utilitarianism and instrumentalism pure treatment of artificial intelligence, body and mind, with the philosophy of “not only the human center” values that are not seriously “people” of the entity, through the legal fiction and gives a range of legal subject qualification,eventually achieve the human dance in harmony with the artificial intelligence. Therefore, both weak artificial intelligence and strong artificial intelligence have legal subject qualification to some extent or aspect. Only by clarifying their legal subject qualification can they seek solutions to their relevant rights, obligations and responsibilities, so as to provide solutions for the development of artificial intelligence at present and even in the future.