免疫检查点抑制剂在前列腺癌治疗中的研究进展

Research progress of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of prostate cancer

肿瘤诱导的免疫抑制状态在包括前列腺癌(PC)在内的癌症的发病机制中起着至关重要的作用。细胞毒T淋巴细胞相关抗原4(CTLA-4)和程序性死亡受体-1(PD-1)及其配体PD-L1是近年来研究比较透彻的免疫检查点分子。通过阻断免疫检查点(主要针对CTLA-4和PD-1/PD-L1通路)来增强细胞介导的抗肿瘤免疫成为研究热点。本文主要综述了免疫检查点抑制剂及其用于晚期前列腺癌的理论基础和前列腺癌治疗中的进展。

Tumor-induced immunosuppression plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cancer including prostate cancer(PC).Cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen 4(CTLA-4),programmed death receptor-1(PD-1)and its ligand PD-L1 are thoroughly studied immune checkpoint molecules in recent years.It has become a research hotspot to enhance cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity by blocking immune checkpoints(mainly aimed at CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 pathways).This article mainly reviews the immune checkpoint inhibitors,the theoretical basis of their application in advanced prostate cancer and the progress in the treatment of prostate cancer.