脂肪酸合成相关酶与乳腺癌的研究进展

Research progress in fatty acid synthesis related enzymes and breast cancer

乳腺癌是女性最常见的恶性肿瘤,随着肿瘤代谢研究的深入,脂代谢在乳腺癌发生发展中的作用越来越受到重视。内源性脂肪酸合成是肿瘤细胞脂肪酸的主要来源,也是肿瘤细胞的一个重要特征,靶向内源性脂肪酸合成治疗乳腺癌已经成为了一个研究热点。脂肪酸合成途径的相关酶包括ATP-柠檬酸裂解酶(adenosine triphosphate-citrate lyase,ACL)、乙酰辅酶A羧化酶1(acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1,ACC1)、脂肪酸合酶(fatty acid synthase,FASN)和硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶1(stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1,SCD1)在乳腺癌发生发展中发挥重要的作用,成为了乳腺癌治疗的新靶点。本文综述了ACL、ACC1、FASN和SCD1与乳腺癌的临床相关性及意义,在乳腺癌发生发展中的作用和分子机制及其抑制剂治疗乳腺癌的研究进展。

Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women.With the development of tumor metabolism,the role of lipid metabolism in the occurrence and development of breast cancer has been paid more and more attention.Endogenous fatty acid synthesis is not only the main source of fatty acids,but also an important feature of tumor cells.Targeting endogenous fatty acid synthesis to treat breast cancer has become a research hotspot.The enzymes involved in fatty acid synthesis pathway include adenosine triphosphate-citrate lyase(ACL),acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1(ACC 1),fatty acid synthase(FASN)and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1(SCD1),which play an important role in the occurrence and development of breast cancer and become a new target of breast cancer treatment.This article reviews the clinical relevance and significance of ACL,ACC1,FASN and SCD1 in breast cancer,the role and molecular mechanism of them in the occurrence and development of breast cancer,and the research progress of their inhibitors in the treatment of breast cancer.