湖南省关闭矿山矿涌水污染现状及治理对策研究

Research on water pollution status and treatment countermeasures of closed mines in Hunan Province

通过对湖南省内部分关闭矿山矿涌水情况进行充分摸底调查,分析了湖南省内关闭矿山矿涌水污染现状,积极探索研究了关闭矿山矿涌水治理对策,为该省后续关闭矿山矿涌水治理提出了指导建议。调查结果表明:湖南省内关闭矿山矿涌水污染较严重,整体治理率不高,治理资金投入大,治理效果不理想。研究表明:矿山关闭前需将矿涌水污染防治提前纳入考虑,做好矿山尤其井下工程资料收集;关闭矿山矿涌水治理需坚持实施“一矿一策”“一井一案”的原则,治理思路为源头管控+末端治理相结合,源头管控为关键;湖南省关闭矿山数量较大,关闭矿山矿涌水需从矿涌水污染性、环境影响及治理实施条件3个方面进行分类分级,确定实施治理的轻重缓急,分期分批实施治理。

Based on a thorough investigation of the water gushing situation of closed mines in Hunan Province, this paper analyzes the water pollution status of closed mines in Hunan Province, explores and studies the water gushing treatment countermeasures of closed mines.Besides, suggestions for the water gushing treatment of closed mines in Hunan Province are came up.The survey results show that the water pollution of closed mines in Hunan Province is serious, the overall governance rate is not high, the governance capital investment is large, and the governance effect is not ideal.The research shows that the prevention and control of mine water pollution should be taken into account in advance before mine closure, and the data collection of mine especially underground engineering should be done well.The principle of “one mine, one policy” and “one well, one case” should be adhered to in the treatment of mine water inflow, and the treatment idea is the combination of source control and end treatment, and source control is the key.There are a large number of closed mines in Hunan Province.The closure of mine water gushing needs to be classified and graded from three aspects of water pollution, environmental impact and governance implementation conditions, determine the priorities for implementation of governance, and implement governance in stages and batches.