抗战时期徽州社会环境变动与区域变迁

Alterations of Social Circumstances and Regional Changes in Huizhou during the Anti-Japanese War

明清以来,徽州本土与江南各地形成了一种良性互动的局面,徽州本土走出去的商人为江南地区的发展补充大量的人员和一些徽州本土的物产,而江南各地则为徽州本土提供各种日用必需品。随着抗战的爆发,徽州凭借山川阻隔,置身敌后,成为当时东南战区的大后方,皖南的军事、政治、经济和文化中心。而江南地区相继沦陷后,徽州成为孤悬江南的最大国统区,其周边地区沦陷为敌占区,物资交流异常困难,使得原先的良性互动局面遭到严重的破坏,对徽州地域社会产生了重要的影响。

Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties,Huizhou had established a benign interactive relationship with Jiangnan areas.Local business people who left Huizhou supplemented the development of Jiangnan areas with abundant personnel and local Huizhou products,while Jiangnan areas provided Huizhou with all kinds of daily necessities.However,with the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War,Huizhou became the rear area of the southeast war zone and the military,political,economic and cultural center of southern Anhui,thanks to its mountainous terrain.After Jiangnan area was successively occupied by the Japanese army,Huizhou became the largest Kuomintang-controlled area alone in the south of the Yangtze River.With its surrounding areas occupied by the Japanese army,material exchange was extremely difficult,which seriously damaged the original benign interactive relationship and had a serious impact on the regional society of Huizhou.