小儿止哮平喘颗粒改善幼龄哮喘豚鼠小气道功能受限和气道重塑的实验研究

Experimental Study on the Improvement of Small Airway Function Limitation and Airway Remodeling by Xiaoer Zhixiao Pingchuan Granules in Young Asthmatic Guinea Pigs

目的 儿童哮喘早期即可出现小气道功能受限,而气道重塑是儿童哮喘不可逆的病理改变,本实验拟从小气道功能受限和气道重塑角度,初步探讨小儿止哮平喘颗粒治疗儿童的潜在效用。方法 50只幼龄豚鼠随机分为对照组,模型组,小儿止哮平喘颗粒高、中、低剂量组各10只,用OVA雾化吸入并激发建立幼龄豚鼠哮喘模型,分别予小儿止哮平喘颗粒高、中、低剂量干预,检测肺功能支气管收缩系数(PENH),组织病理学染色分析各组幼龄豚鼠小气道大体改变,计算标准化总管壁面积(Wat/Phm)及平滑肌面积(Wam/Phm)评估小气道功能受限和气道重塑情况。结果 模型组组织病理学染色较对照组出现明显炎性细胞浸润、支气管壁增厚及平滑肌增生、气道上皮水肿、管腔狭窄,在标准化小气道总管壁面积(Wat/Phm)和标准化小气道平滑肌面积(Wam/Phm)方面,模型组较对照组亦均明显升高(P <0.01),小儿止哮平喘颗粒各剂量组均能缓解这些病理改变。模型组肺功能PENH较对照组明显升高,小儿止哮平喘颗粒高剂量能明显降低PENH,与模型组相比有统计学差异(P <0.05)。结论 本研究初步证明小儿止哮平喘颗粒具有改善儿童哮喘小气道功能受限和气道重塑的潜在功效。

Objective:Small airway function limitation can occur in the early stage of childhood asthma,and airway remodeling is an irreversible pathological change of childhood asthma.This experiment intends to preliminarily explore the potential efficacy of Xiaoer Zhixiao Pingchuan Granules in the treatment of asthma children from the perspective of small airway function limitation and airway remodeling.Methods:A total of 50 young guinea pigs were randomly divided into control group,model group,high/medium/low-dose groups of Xiaoer Zhixiao Pingchuan Granules,10 in each group.The asthma model of young guinea pig was established by inhalation and excitation with OVA.High,medium and low doses of Xiaoer Zhixiao Pingchuan Granules were used as intervention measures.Small airway function limitation and airway remodeling were assessed through detection of enhanced pause(PENH),histopathological staining for analyzing general changes of small airway in young guinea pigs,calculation of standardized wall area(Wat/Phm)and calculation of smooth muscle area(Wam/Phm).Results:Compared with the control group,the histopathological staining of model group showed obvious inflammatory cell infiltration,bronchial wall thickening,smooth muscle hyperplasia,airway epithelial edema and lumen stenosis.In terms of the total wall area(Wat/Phm)and smooth muscle area(Wam/Phm)of the standardized small airway,the model group was also significantly higher than the control group(P < 0.01).Different doses of Xiaoer Zhixiao Pingchuan Granules could alleviate these pathological changes.PENH of lung function in the model group was significantly higher than that in the control group,and the high dose of Xiaoer Zhixiao Pingchuan Granules could significantly reduce PENH,which was statistically different from that in the model group(P < 0.05).Conclusion:This study preliminarily proves that Xiaoer Zhixiao Pingchuan Granules can improve the function limitation of small airway and airway remodeling in childhood asthma.