运动健身类App能促进体育锻炼吗?——来自元分析的证据

Can Sports and Fitness Apps Promote Physical Exercise?——A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

目的:检验运动健身类App在体育锻炼促进中的效应,以及各App特征的亚组效应。方法:运用Review Manager软件进行元分析统计,通过Cochrane体系评估发表偏倚,计算效果值和标准均数差等来反映效应指标的大小。结果:提取和计算了18项研究中的3516名被试数据,运动健身类App影响体育锻炼行为的合并效应量Z=3.22,SMD=0.46。进一步的亚组元分析显示,行为改变理论、设计策略、结果形式、使用时间和年龄等都能对体育锻炼产生影响。结论:手机App对体育锻炼行为的促进是一个显著的中等效应,App以行为改变理论为基础,整合多种策略进行研发,以步数或体育锻炼时间进行结果表达,会对使用时间在3个月以上的未成年人有更佳的效果。

Objective:This meta-analysis aimed to determine the effectiveness of sports and fitness apps for increasing physical activity,as well as the sub group effectiveness of the apps’characteristics.Methods:Using Review Manager software.Publication bias was assessed by using the recommendation of Cochrane system.Effective size and standard mean difference were calculated to reflect the influence.Results:3516 individuals participated in 18 unique studies were extracted and synthesized.In general,the test for overall effect of mobile apps on physical exercise behavior was Z=3.22,SMD=0.46.Further subgroup meta-analysis showed that behavioral change theory,behavior change technique,result display,intervention period and age had significant effects on physical exercise.Conclusions:Mobile apps have a significant moderate effect on physical exercise behavior.The apps are based on behavior changing theory,and developed by integrating multiple strategies.Expressing the results with steps or exercise time,the apps will increase physical exercise more effectively in juveniles who have used them for more than 3 months.