粒子物理学的当代转向 浅析中国大型对撞机争论之历史背景与时代困境

A Contemporary Turn in Particle Physics A brief analysis of the historical background and dilemma of the times of the CEPC-SPPC debate in China

自20世纪60年代以来,世界各国的每一代大型粒子加速器都伴随着漫长的争论过程。然而,不应简单地将中国当前的CEPC-SPPC争论看作是过往争论的延续,而需要将其纳入到粒子物理学整体的发展进程中去把握。冷战后期以来,粒子物理学似乎“盛宴已过”,争议与困境层出不穷。而关于加速器的争论,实际上也是物理学整体发展困境的缩影。两大标准模型形成后,物理学研究的对象和方式发生了根本性的变化,希格斯粒子和引力波的发现标志着传统科学范式取得了极大的成功,同时却又存在很多传统范式无法解释的现象,实验检验跟不上理论的发展,新的理论范式争议颇多,物理学的发展大大放缓了。

Since the 1960 s,each generation of large particle accelerators in countries around the world has been accompanied by a long process of debate.However,the current CEPC-SPPC debate in China should not simply be viewed as a continuation of past debates,but should be understood as part of the overall development of particle physics.Since the late Cold War,particle physics seems to be“The party’s over”,and disputes and dilemmas have emerged one after another.And the debate about accelerators is actually a microcosm of the overall development dilemma of physics.After the formation of the two Standard Models,the objects and methods of physics research have undergone fundamental changes.Although the discovery of the Higgs and gravitational waves marked a great success for the traditional scientific paradigm,there were also many phenomenas that traditional paradigms cannot explain,and the experimental tests cannot keep up with the theoretical ones.The new theoretical paradigms were quite controversial,and the development of physics has slowed down considerably.