土壤中钙与有机碳之间相互作用的研究进展与展望

Interaction Between Calcium and Organic Carbon in Soil: Research Progress and Prospect

土壤是植物赖以生存的物质基础,土壤中有机碳含量的高低决定着土壤肥力大小。为了给植物生长发育提供良好的物质条件,提高土壤有机碳含量很有必要。钙素不仅是植物生长发育所必需的营养元素,而且在对土壤有机碳的固持方面也有着至关重要的作用。所以,了解清楚钙素对土壤中有机碳进行固持的机制是很有必要的。通过查阅近年来国内外相关文献报道,分别详述了钙元素的主要植物生理作用、土壤中的主要存在形态以及钙元素与土壤中有机碳之间的相互作用等方面的研究进展。研究表明,钙与土壤有机碳含量存在显著的正相关关系,交换态和有机结合态钙能够影响SOC的积累与转化。同时,土壤中的矿质(无机)胶体通过钙和铁铝的键桥作用与有机质形成有机无机结合态腐殖质,钙离子可以在有机胶体和矿物表面形成离子桥,增强土壤的团粒结构性。然而,还存在一些土壤钙含量对土壤团聚性无明显影响或负面影响的报道。

Soil is the material basis for the survival of plants. The content of organic carbon in soil determines the soil fertility. To provide good material conditions for plant growth and development, it is necessary to increase soil organic carbon content. Calcium is not only an essential nutrient element for plant growth and development, but also plays an important role in soil organic carbon retention. Therefore, it is essential to understand the mechanism by which calcium holds organic carbon in soil. In this paper, through the review of recent years’ domestic and overseas related literature, the main physiological functions of calcium in plants, the main forms of calcium in soil and the interaction between calcium and soil organic carbon were discussed in detail. Studies have shown that there is a significantly positive correlation between calcium and soil organic carbon content, and the exchange and organic bound calcium could affect the accumulation and transformation of SOC. At the same time, the mineral(inorganic) colloid in soil formed organic-inorganic combined humus through the bond bridge of calcium and iron and aluminum with organic matter, and calcium ions could form ion bridge on the surface of organic colloid and mineral to enhance the soil aggregates’ structure. However, there are some reports showing that soil calcium content has no obvious or negative effect on soil ability of aggregation.