白薇及5种混淆品的形态组织学鉴别

Morphological and histological identification of Cynanchi atrati Radix et Rhizoma and its five confusing varieties

目的研究白薇及其混淆品徐长卿、紫花合掌消、老瓜头、宝铎草、长蕊万寿竹等的微性状及显微组织鉴别特征。方法采用体式显微镜及光学显微镜对白薇及其混淆品的性状、根横切面及粉末的显微特征进行对比研究。结果白薇及其混淆品性状上的鉴别点在于根粗细、表面颜色、横断面颜色;根横切面的鉴别点在于表皮层分泌细胞、皮层草酸钙簇晶、韧皮部石细胞、韧皮部草酸钙簇晶、凯氏带(点)、韧皮部是否被分割及分割的束数;粉末的鉴别特点在于分泌细胞、草酸钙簇晶,石细胞,淀粉粒的类型及大小。结论从性状、根横切面、粉末特征可综合鉴别白薇及其5种混淆品,为白薇的鉴别及安全使用提供了参考依据。

OBJECTIVE To study the morphological and histological identification characteristics of Cynanchum atrati,C.paniculati,C.amplexicaule var.castaneum,C.mongolicum,Disporum uniflorum and D.bodinieri.METHODS The characteristics of morphological,root cross section and powder microscopic characteristics of C.atrati and its confusing varieties were studied by using microscope and optical microscope.RESULTS The identification points on morphological characteristicst were root thickness,surface and cross-sectional color.The transverse section of the root identification points were secretory cells in epidermis,cortical calcium oxalate cluster crystals,phloem stone cells,phloem calcium oxalate cluster crystals and Kjeldahl bands(spots),whether phloem or the number of bundles were divided.The identification points of powder were the type and size of secretory cells,calcium oxalate clusters,stone cells and starch granules.CONCLUSION The morphological characteristics,root cross section and powder characteristics can comprehensively identify C.atrati and its five confusing varieties,providing scientific reference for the identification and safe use of C.atrati.