“以墨设色”与“以色代墨”的分野:高密扑灰年画的色彩美学研究

The distinction between"coloring with ink"and"replacing ink with color":A study on the color aesthetics of Gaomi's New Year's paintings

高密扑灰年画是中国独有的老画,被誉为“民间一绝”。始见于明,盛行于清。清道光年间,扑灰年画进入鼎盛时期,衍生“黑货”与“红货”两个流派,各具特色,流传至今。本文通过对两个流派的扑灰年画设色方法进行研究,通过解析其“以墨设色”的意境美、装饰美,“以色代墨”的经验美、生态美两个色彩风格的发展脉络与趋势、阐释其色彩应用的美学意蕴与特征,注重色彩风格背后高密百姓生活情趣、精神面貌及美学价值的挖掘,在文化软实力语境下,探讨保护和传承这一民间古老画种从“物质性”传承向“精神性”体验的可能。

Gaomi's New Year's Paintings are unique old paintings in China,known as"a unique folk art".It was first seen in the Ming Dynasty and prevailed in the Qing Dynasty.During the reign of Daoguang in the Qing Dynasty,the New Year's Paintings with Ashes entered its heyday,and two schools of"black goods"and"red goods"were derived,each of which has its own characteristics and has been handed down to this day.This paper studies the coloring methods of two schools of gray New Year pictures,analyzes the artistic conception beauty and decorative beauty of"coloring with ink",the experience beauty and ecological beauty of"color instead of ink"The development of two color styles Context and trends,explain the aesthetic meaning and characteristics of its color application,pay attention to the excavation of the life taste,spiritual outlook and aesthetic value of the Gaomi people behind the color style,and explore the protection and inheritance of this folk ancient painting in the context of cultural soft power.The possibility of inheriting from"materiality"to"spiritual"experience.