人工智能技术能促进就业质量提升吗?

Can Artificial Intelligence Technology Improve the Quality of Employment?

随着新兴技术的发展,就业质量不断提升,人工智能技术作为智能化革命的代表,对就业质量也产生着重要影响。基于2011—2019年中国城市面板数据构建就业质量指标体系,实证检验人工智能对就业质量的影响,探究阶段及维度差异下可能存在的异质性作用。研究发现人工智能技术能够促进就业质量的显著提升;人力资本水平与新型基础设施等智能化环境正向调节人工智能技术对就业质量的作用效果;人工智能技术对就业质量的影响呈现明显的非对等性。从阶段差异上看,不断推进的智能化政策有助于提升人工智能技术对就业质量的影响;从维度差异上看,人工智能对就业环境的促进作用最大,而对社会保障的影响较小。

Frontier literature focuses on the impact of artificial intelligence on the total employment and employment structure,but generally ignores how artificial intelligence technology changes the quality of employment.To this end,based on the construction of an employment quality index system based on the panel data of Chinese cities from 2011 to 2019,this paper empirically tests the impact of artificial intelligence on employment quality and the moderating effect of an intelligent environment,and investigates possible differences in stages and dimensions.Heterogeneous effect.The study found that artificial intelligence technology can significantly improve the quality of employment.Intelligent environments such as human capital level and new infrastructure positively adjust the effect of artificial intelligence technology on employment quality.The impact of artificial intelligence technology on employment quality shows obvious non-equivalence.From the perspective of stage differences,the continuous advancement of intelligent policies will help to improve the significant impact of artificial intelligence technology on employment quality;from the perspective of dimensional differences,AI will have the greatest boost to employment environment and less impact on social security.