试说帛书《刑德》中的“大居”

Tentative Explanation of daju in the Xingde Silk Manuscript

长沙马王堆汉墓帛书《刑德》甲篇《日月风雨云气占》章中有一个补写在两行之间的“居”字。此字应是抄写者补写在第12行“徒”字之下,而不是补写在第11行“大”字之后的。然而帛书《刑德》乙篇的抄写者却误将“居”字抄在了“大”字之后,导致“大居”一词含义不明。另外,《刑德》乙篇《日月风雨云气占》章“月毋(无)光”之上有一个残损模糊的文字,应是乙本书写者误抄的“朝”字。书写者发现此字误抄之后,将此字圈起以示废弃不用。

The character ju 居 was added between two lines in the Ri yue feng yu yun qi zhan 日月风雨云气占 text of the Xing De A silk manuscript from the Han Dynasty tomb in Mawangdui,Changsha.The scribe should have added the graph after the graph tu 徒 in line 12,and not after the word da 大 in line 11.However,the scribe of the Xing De B manuscript copied the word ju after the word da by mistake,resulting in the confusion over the meaning of the word daju 大居.In addition,there is a damaged and illegible graph before the phrase yue wu guang 月毋(无)光 in Xing De B,the scribe likely erroneously wrote zhao 朝 there,and after discovering his mistake,he circled it to indicate that it was to be disregarded.