数字化环境下飞机系统区域安全性分析流程改进与应用

Improvement and Implementation of Aircraft System Zonal Safety Analysis Process in Digital Environment

现代飞机功能的实现需要由安装于全机各个舱位的多个机载系统共同实现。与飞机结构相比,飞机机载系统除了具有物理性集成外,还需更多的功能性集成。由于机载系统通常布局在有限舱位空间中,合理的装配设计和制造阶段可靠的安装,对飞机整机最终功能的正确实现起到了至关重要的作用。国际自动机工程师学会标准航空推荐实践4761(SAE ARP4761),对于区域安全性分析(Zonal safety analysis,ZSA)工具如何在飞机研制过程中识别和分析机载系统相互之间的影响,给出了指导方法,包括系统与系统间、系统与结构间的不当安装,以及其可能导致的潜在功能失效。SAE ARP4761建议ZSA应覆盖整个研制过程,而工程实践中发现其主要用于产品设计阶段,在飞机整机装配中应用较少,且工作流程缺乏对数字化环境的匹配与支持。结合当前数字化制造的背景,按照从概念设计到制造装配全覆盖的理念,基于模型连续传递对传统ZSA工作流程进行改进,将数字化环境中的典型工具虚拟现实(Virtual reality,VR)和增强现实(Augmented reality,AR)进行集成,围绕数字样机的全流程贯通理念扩展了传统ZSA的适用范围。最后,选取飞机电气互联系统(Electrical wiring interconnect system,EWIS)集成的典型案例,在实验室搭建的模拟结构实物舱段上基于VR和AR完成了改进后ZSA方法的可行性验证。

The large number of new functions equipped with modern aircraft are performed together by many airframe systems arranged in different aircraft bays.Compared with aircraft structure,airframe systems have more complicated functional integration from interactions and interdependencies than physical integration.Since airframe systems are normally arranged and allocated in limited rooms,a good assembly design and reliable installations are crucial for the correct performing of aircraft overall functionalities.In SAE Aerospace Recommend Practice 4761,it introduces how a zonal safety analysis(ZSA)be used to identify and analyze the influence between airframe systems,including improper installations between system to system,system to structure,and the possible consequence of functions failure caused by those improper installations.Although SAE ARP4761 recommends that ZSA should cover the entire development process,current industrial practice mainly focuses on the application at design stage,with less application in aircraft assembly.It is also found that current ZSA process not well worked and supported in digitalization environment.This research improves ZSA process towards current digital manufacturing background by following the continuous model transmission principles,which integrates virtual reality(VR)and augmented reality(AR)together to cover conceptual design stage to manufacturing and assembly.Thanks to the digital mock-ups(DMU)used in the overall development process,it expands the application scope of ZSA method.Finally,an aircraft test-structural section is built in laboratory,and typical case studies of aircraft electrical wiring interconnect system(EWIS)integration are selected based on it to verify the feasibility of the ZSA process in virtual reality and augmented reality environment.