碳中和目标下氨燃料的机遇、挑战及应用前景

Opportunities,Challenges and Application Prospects of Ammonia Fuel Under the Target of Carbon Neutrality

全球低碳转型背景下,氢、氨等新兴低碳技术受到广泛关注,被认为是应对气候变化的远期技术选择之一。为深入分析“双碳”战略目标下氨燃料发展的机遇、挑战和前景,梳理了氨燃料的自身特性,论述了其作为零碳燃料的优势机遇及问题挑战,分析了部分国家发展氨产业的经验和启示。研究认为氨燃料是碳中和背景下的重要零碳能源之一,在工业、电力、交通等领域都有广泛应用前景。建议我国结合全球“氨经济”发展步伐,强化氨基低碳技术创新攻关,适时布局“绿氨”产业,推动氨燃料试点示范及推广应用。

In the context of the global low-carbon transition,low-carbon and zero-carbon technologies such as hydrogen and ammonia are gradually gaining popularity,and are considered to be one of long-term technological choices for tackling climate change.Focusing on the strategic requirements of realizing the carbon neutrality target,this paper sorted out the characteristics of ammonia fuel,discussedits advantages,opportunities and challenges as a zero-carbon fuel,and analyzed the experience and enlightenment of developing ammonia industry in other countries.The research believes that ammonia fuel is one of the important zero-carbon energy sources under the background of carbon neutrality,and it has wide application prospects in fields of industry,electric power,and transportation.It is suggested that China should consider the development pace of global“ammonia economy”,deploy the“green ammonia”industry timely,and promote the pilot demonstration and application of ammonia fuel.