高速铁路紧邻深厚煤矿采空区和地下水超采叠加影响规律研究

Study on the Law of Cumulated Impacts of Deep Coal Mine Goaf and Groundwater Overexploitation on High-speed Railway

深厚煤矿采空区和地下水超采的叠加影响,对邻近的高铁建设和运营存在较大的风险。本文以某高铁附近的古城煤矿为例进行了研究。在勘察设计过程中,应用概率积分法和手册法,对采空区变形规律进行了时空分析,并评价了其对高铁工程的影响。结合InSAR监测和地面沉降实测,进一步验证了采空区变形时空特征。研究结果表明:(1)古城煤矿上覆基岩厚度大于1000m,采后形成的采空区多呈"弯曲型"垮落,中心沉降量小,对地表影响较小;(2)InSAR监测和实测表明,采空区已进入沉稳阶段,对高速铁路工程安全稳定已基本无影响;(3)地下水开采引起的地面沉降是地表形变的主要因素,其中浅层灌溉抽水引起的局部不均匀沉降对铁路工程的平顺性影响更大,应采取相应的管控措施。

The cumulated impacts of deep coal mine goaf and groundwater overexploitation have great risks to the construction and operation of adjacent high-speed railways.In this paper,Gucheng coal mine nearing a high-speed railway is taken as an example.In the process of survey and design,the space-time analysis of the deformation law of goaf is conducted by using the probability integral method and manual method,and the impacts of the goaf on high-speed railway project are also evaluated.The spatial and temporal characteristics of goaf deformation are further verified through InSAR monitoring and surface subsidence measurement.The findings suggest that:(1)The thickness of the overlying bedrock on Gucheng coal mine is greater than 1000 m,and the goaf formed after mining mostly shows"curved"collapse,with small central subsidence and little impact on the surface.(2)InSAR monitoring and measurement results show that the goaf has been stable and has basically no impact on the safety and stability of high-speed railway project.(3)The surface subsidence caused by groundwater exploitation is the main factor of surface deformation,and the local uneven subsidence caused by shallow pumping for irrigation has a greater impact on the smoothness of railway engineering,so corresponding control measures are required.