某院校学员浅部真菌病影响因素分析

Risk factors for superficial mycoses in military academy cadets

目的了解华北某部队院校学员浅部真菌性皮肤病患病影响因素。方法采取浅部真菌病体检筛查、镜检和调查问卷方式,当前或曾经患有浅部真菌病的学员现场填写问卷。卡方检验和二元logistic回归用于浅部真菌病的影响因素分析。结果回收1733份有效问卷,学员入校后浅部真菌病总患病率为10.73%(186例),足癣患病率最高,占比79.03%。单因素分析结果显示:①人口学特征及家族史:年龄、服役年限、是否有家族真菌病病史、入校前是否曾患真菌性皮肤病4个因素的浅部真菌病患病率差异有统计学意义。②生活习惯因素:是否与他人互换床铺被褥、饭前便后洗手习惯、换洗袜子频率、睡眠质量4个因素的浅部真菌病患病率差异有统计学意义;③训练因素:患病前是否因训练有其他身体损伤、是否经常大汗淋漓、训练用运动鞋数、运动出汗量4个因素对浅部真菌性皮肤病患病差异有统计学意义。多因素分析结果显示,服役年限、家族真菌性疾病病史、入学前浅部真菌性皮肤病病史、是否经常大汗淋漓4个因素是浅部真菌病患病风险因素,换洗袜子频率、睡眠质量2个因素为浅部真菌病的保护因素。建立二元logistic回归模型用于预测院校学员浅部真菌病患病情况。结论院校学员浅部真菌病发病率较高。了解学员患病影响因素,对于普及防病知识及制定科学有效的防治措施具有重要意义。

Objectives To explore the influencing factors of superficial mycoses in cadets of a military academy.Methods Cadets were screened with a physical and microscopic examination.A questionnaire survey was carried out during the examination.The cadets who were suffering from or had a history of superficial fungal infections completed the questionnaire on site.Chi-square tests and binary logistic regression were used to analyze the risk factors of superficial mycoses.Results A total of 1733 valid questionnaires were retrieved.The overall prevalence of superficial mycoses was 10.73%(n=186)in cadets after enrolment.Tinea pedis accounted for the highest proportion(79.03%).Univariate analyses showed that the prevalence of superficial mycoses was correlated with age,the length of military service,family history of fungal diseases,whether suffering from superficial mycoses before enrolment.There were significant differences in the prevalence of superficial mycoses varied with the lifestyle factors,which were whether exchanging beddings with others,the habit of washing hands before and after meals,the frequency of changing socks,and the quality of sleep.The incidence of superficial mycoses was also correlated with the military training factors,which were whether having any other physical injuries due to training before the skin illness,whether excessive sweating frequently,the number of training shoes,and the amount of sweating during exercise.A multivariate analysis demonstrated that the length of military service,family history of fungal diseases,whether suffering from the superficial mycoses before enrolment and whether excessive sweating frequently were risk factors of superficial mycoses.Nevertheless,the frequency of changing socks and the quality of sleep were found to be protective against superficial fungal infections.A binary logistic regression model was established to predict the probability of superficial mycoses in cadets.Conclusions The incidence of superficial fungal infections was high in military cadets.It is of great significance to understand the influencing factors for popularizing knowledge of disease prevention and formulating scientific and effective treatment measures.