2022年一季度中国经济运行的若干特点与面临的挑战

Several Characteristics and Challenges of China’s Economic Performance in the First Quarter of 2022

2022年一季度,受疫情等因素影响,整体经济承受较大压力,GDP同比增长4.8%。从生产角度看,第二产业对经济增长起到重要支撑,第三产业恢复势头放缓;从需求角度看,消费需求保持对经济增长的主要拉动作用,投资需求对经济增长的贡献由负转正,净出口需求走弱;从收入角度看,居民可支配收入保持稳定增长,规模以上工业企业利润小幅平稳增长;从价格角度看,CPI同比涨幅扩大,PPI受基数影响同比涨幅回落,但环比涨幅提高。疫情、俄乌地缘政治冲突和美联储加息等不稳定因素,对全年经济增长实现5.5%的目标带来严峻挑战,但经济中也存在新经济新动能增势良好、政府及时出台一系列应对政策的有利条件,下一阶段应积极挖掘经济回升动力。

In the first quarter,affected by the covid-19 epidemic and other factors,China’s economy was under great pressure,GDP grew by 4.8%.From the production side,the secondary industry plays an important role in supporting economic growth;the recovery of tertiary industry has slowed down.From the demand side,consumption demand remained the main driving force of economic growth;investment demand's contribution to economic growth turned from negative to positive;while net export demand weakened.From the income side,disposable income per capita maintained steady growth,and profits of industrial enterprises above designated size increased slightly and steadily.From the price side,the year-on-year increase in CPI expanded,and the year-on-year increase in PPI contracted due to the covid-19 epidemic,but the PPI increase on a monthly basis enhanced.The epidemic,geopolitical conflict between Russia and Ukraine and the US Federal Reserve's interest rate hike have posed severe challenges to achieving the 5.5%growth target for the whole year.However,there are favorable conditions in the economy that the“new economy”and“new momentum”keep increasing rapidly,and Chinese government has introduced a series of policies in a timely manner.In the next stage,we should actively tap the impetus for economic recovery.