铜铟镓硒薄膜太阳电池研究进展和挑战

Research progress and challenges of copper indium gallium selenide thin film solar cells

铜铟镓硒(Cu(In,Ga)Se_(2),CIGS)太阳电池产业化受到全世界广泛关注。作为高转换效率薄膜电池,其效率可与晶硅电池相比,目前最高效率达到23.35%。对于小面积实验室电池而言,研究重点是精确控制吸收层的化学计量比和效率;对于工业化生产而言,除化学计量比和效率外,成本、重现性、产出和工艺兼容性在商业化生产中至关重要。重点介绍了不同制备工艺、吸收层组分梯度调控、碱金属后沉积处理、宽带隙无镉缓冲层、透明导电层和柔性衬底等研究进展。从CIGS电池的效率来看,将实验室创纪录的高效电池技术转移到平均工业生产水平带来显而易见的挑战。

The industrialization of copper indium gallium selenide(Cu(In,Ga)Se_(2),CIGS)solar cells has attracted worldwide attention. As a thin film solar cell with high conversion efficiency,its efficiency can be compared with that of crystalline silicon solar cell,and the highest efficiency reaches 23. 35% at present. For small-area laboratory solar cells,the main research focus is to accurately control the stoichiometric ratio and efficiency of absorption layer. For industrial production,besides stoichiometric ratio and efficiency,cost,reproducibility,output and process compatibility are very important in commercial production. The research progress of different preparation processes,gradient control of absorption layer composition,post-deposition treatment of alkali metal,wide band gap cadmium-free buffer layer,transparent conductive layer and flexible substrate were reviewed. From the perspective of the efficiency of CIGS solar cells,the transfer of record-breaking high-efficiency solar cell technology in the laboratory to the average industrial production level brings obvious challenges.