6P-400型荞麦脱皮机设计与试验

Design and Test of 6P-400 Buckwheat Peeling Machine

针对荞麦脱皮机脱皮率低、整仁率低等问题,设计了一种卧式滚筒荞麦脱皮装置。采用柔性脱皮元件,与滚筒间形成大间隙配合,来实现对荞麦籽粒的撞击、揉搓和挤压作用,完成脱皮过程。在对甜荞籽粒结构参数和破皮压力进行测试的基础上,分析了该装置的脱皮过程及机理。以转速和喂入量为试验因素,荞麦籽粒脱皮率、半仁率和整仁率为试验指标,完成单因素试验和正交试验。单因素试验表明:转速1200~1300 r/min时,脱皮率达到80%以上;喂入量0.09~0.11 kg/s时,半仁率和整仁率分别为45%和15%。运用Design-expert 8.0软件对正交试验进行数据处理和响应面分析,确定最优参数为转速1200 r/min、喂入量0.09 kg/s。对最优参数重复3次验证试验,结果取平均值得到脱皮率82.5%、半仁率50.8%、整仁率16.3%,误差较小,模型预测可靠。

Aiming at problems of low peeling rate and low kernel rate of buckwheat peeling machine,a horizontal drum buckwheat peeling device was designed.Flexible peeling element was used to form a large gap with drum to realize impact,kneading and extrusion of buckwheat grains and complete peeling process.Based on measurement of grain structure parameters and peeling pressure of sweet buckwheat,peeling process and mechanism of the device were analyzed.Taking rotating speed and feeding amount as experimental factors,and peeling rate,half kernel rate and whole kernel rate of buckwheat grain as experimental indexes,single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment were completed.The single factor experiment showed that peeling rate reached more than 80%when rotating speed was 1200~1300 r/min,and half kernel rate and whole kernel rate were 45%and 15%respectively when feeding amount was 0.09~0.11 kg/s.Using Design-expert 8.0software for data processing and response surface analysis of orthogonal test,and optimal parameters were determined as follows:rotating speed was 1200 r/min and feeding amount was 0.09 kg/s.The validation test was repeated three times for optimal parameters.The average values were peeling rate 82.5%,half kernel rate 50.8%and whole kernel rate 16.3%.The error was small and model prediction was reliable.